Cold urticaria is a skin condition triggered by exposure to cold temperatures. Its exact cause is unknown, but it is the most common type of urticaria. While it is usually not inherited, it has been linked to infections and blood-related conditions such as viral hepatitis, cryoglobulinemia, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. A rare familial form is associated with a specific genetic mutation.
Symptoms appear after contact with cold air or water and include redness, itching, welts, burning sensations, and hives. Some people may also experience fatigue, anxiety, fever, or fainting. In acquired cases, reactions usually begin within minutes and last a couple of hours, while familial cases can take up to two days to appear and last longer.
Treatment focuses on symptom control. Antihistamines like Claritin or Zyrtec are commonly used, while more severe cases may require corticosteroids or other medications under medical supervision.
